Voice over Internet Protocol
VoIP carries phone calls over IP networks instead of traditional phone lines, using protocols like SIP and RTP. Because calls are just network traffic, they inherit network threats: eavesdropping on unencrypted audio, caller ID spoofing used in vishing scams, and toll fraud against compromised phone systems. Securing VoIP means encrypting signaling and media and segmenting voice traffic from the rest of the network.